How material, water, speed and pressure change drilling speed and bit life.
Material hardness
Harder material
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Harder materials are less abrasive. They are cut into fine particles that don't wear the segment, so new diamonds aren't exposed: coring slows and bit life goes up.
Softer material
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Softer materials are ripped apart by the diamonds. The coarse cuttings get through quicker but shorten bit life.
Aggregate size
Smaller aggregate
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Small pieces take less time to core through, but the aggregate chips into sharp edges and the segment drops diamonds.
Larger aggregate
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Large aggregate takes longer to core, but the finer cuttings cause less segment wear.
Material abrasiveness
More abrasive
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Abrasion wears the segment and exposes more diamonds, which may fall out before they wear out.
Less abrasive
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Less abrasion slows segment wear and exposes fewer new diamonds: the bit lasts longer but cuts slower.
Embedded steel
Light steel
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Longer
Steel is tough and dense compared with concrete and wears a bit quickly. Less steel means better cutting.
Heavy steel
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Shorter
To cut heavy reinforcement, increase pressure or rpm, or reduce water flow or add sharp silica sand. All of these reduce bit life.
Segment bond hardness
Harder bond
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
A harder bond slows the controlled erosion that exposes new diamonds.
Softer bond
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Faster bond erosion shortens bit life: diamonds fall out before they wear out.
Water volume
Less water flow
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Cuttings stay in the hole and expose more diamonds: faster coring, shorter life.
More water flow
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Too much water slows segment erosion and may lead to bit glazing.
Motor speed (rpm)
Lower motor speed
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
Slurry is not cleared, exposing new diamond edges that cut fast and wear fast. Diamonds stay in contact with the concrete longer.
Higher motor speed
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Above the recommended rpm the segment glazes and contact time drops, so cutting slows.
Feed rate (pressure)
Lower feed rate
Drilling speed: SlowerLifespan: Longer
Low pressure lets the bit glaze. Bit life goes up, performance goes down.
Higher feed rate
Drilling speed: FasterLifespan: Shorter
High pressure exposes new cutting edges, but diamonds may fall out early. Excessive pressure can collapse the crown.
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